For the last 40 years, the two nations haven't experienced such resistance.
This controversy has brought disagreement between Ethiopia, Egypt, and Sudan but mainly the tensions between Egypt and Ethiopia are running high. On the opposite side, Ethiopia, contributing about 86% of the flow has not been benefited from the river. Egyptians said that Abbay is the primary water resource and their lifeblood and desires to continue their power on the Abbay basin. This review was done by searching and reviewing of papers published in reputable journals (peer reviewed and open access) focused on Abbay Basin, GERD and transboundary rivers. This paper aimed to review the hydropolitics of Abbay/Blue Nile, its challenges, opportunities, and also the impacts of constructing the GERD over the riparian states (Ethiopia, Egypt, and Sudan). Even though the river is shared by 11 countries, the use is principally dominated by Egypt in the last decades. The conflict over the Abbay River mainly occurred between Egypt, Ethiopia, and Sudan. The hydropolitics over the Abbay basin has a long history of hydrologic hegemony by Egypt.
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